Manufacture of artificial-stone pipes, tiles, &amp;c., and apparatus therefor.



No. 825,243. PATENTED JULY 3, 1906. E. H. RIETER-BODMER,

MANUFACTURE OF ARTIPIGIALSTONE PIPES, TILES, &c., AND APPARATUSTHEREFOR. v

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 26. 1904.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

.EMIL 'HENRY RIETElt-B ODMIER, OF KYBURG, SWITZERLAND.

MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL-STONE PIPES, TILES, &c., AND APPARATUSTHEREFOR Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 3, 1906.

Application filed September 26, 1904. Serial No. 226,021.

Beit known that I, EMIL HENRY RIETER- BODMER, a citizen of the Re ublicof- Switzerland, residing at Kyburg, witzerland, have invented new anduseful Improvements in or Relating to the Manufacture of Artificial,-

Stone Pi es, Tiles, Corrugated Plates, Flat elief-Pieces, Vessels,andthe Like lowing is a specification.

This invention has reference to improvements in or relating to themanufacture of artificial-stone i es, tiles, corrugated lates,flatplates, relie ieces, vessels, and the like and apparatus t erefor,and comprises a process whereb artificial stone or stone-like mass(hereina er referred to as stone mass) is rendered completely resistantto the weather and impervious to water and ac quires-very considerablestrength, density, andidurability.

' Now, this invention has for its object to secure the aforesaidadvantages and to enable articles of stone mass to be produced thatpossess properties rendering themavailable for many useful purposes. Forthis pur ose asbestos, chrysotile, or some ar tificial brous materialreduced to-a state of fine division-as by treating it in a centrifugalmill, disintegrator, ball-mill, or edge-runner mill-or to a state ofpulp is so incorporated with cement or other hydraulic bind- .ing\mediumand Water (for instance, in a boiler-like vessel provided with a stirrindevice) as to produce a uniform pulp free om. lumps, and the mixture isdelivered in a wellstirred condition into a mold .the walls of which areso lined .with fine-wire sieves and rovided with holes that on ap lyingthe 'gh pressure to which, as su equently stated, the material issubjected in the mold water will be expelled from the mold on all sidessimultaneously and a solid b'ody produced that when dried forms ahomogeneous stone mass in. which the fibrous material while lying in alldirections throughout the mass is also uniformly distributed.

The operation of mixingthe fibrous substance with the hydraulic bindingmedium and with water-is preferably carried out simultaneously,- and maythus be effected ina few minutes. For producing colored artifi-K ing ofwire or the like is so inserted in the mold as to become embedded in thepressed mass. Such stiflening may also be rovided with one or moresuitably-arrange stifienmgl rin s or the like.

he egree of pressure employed-may vary according to the purpose forwhich the article to be produced is're uired; but in all cases it isvery high, and prefer to employ one of fifteen thousand'pounds persquare inch or thereabout. The pressed material when dried hardens intoa stone mass and by reason of the uniform distribution of the fibers inall directions possesses a thoroughlyuniform strength, hardness, anddensity. With a high ressure such as mentioned results can be 0 tainedfar exceeding those ob-.

tainable by' the known analogous methods of which I-am aware, in whichthe ressure employed was considerably less. y the means stated I canproduce artificial stone which I believe to excel in' elasticity andtoughness any natural material. Artificial stone has thus beenmanufactured, for exam le, hav- .per s uare inch, a strength of flexureof three and t ee-quarter tons per s uare inch, and a limit ofelasticity of three an one-eighth tons per sinare inch, while the amountof moisture.t at the material absorbs under a pressure'bf one atmosphereis ,only-six and a quarter per cent. as compared with twenty per cent.absorbed by clay roofing-tiles, and such absor tion of water bythe-material has not been ound to be detrimental to the strength of thematerial.

, Sometimes in order to produce eater smoothness of surface the materiala terre-- moval from the mold is pressed between heavy metal dies whichentirely obliterate all roughness.

8o ing a tensile strength of two and a alf tons By thehereinbefore-described process articles may be produced in'anydesireddimen- Ioc sions, strength, and shapeas, for example, potteryware,pipes, picture-frames, troughs, tiles, rods of special sections for walland ceiling decorations, plates, panels, relief-pieces, ornaments,artificial slates, &c. the form of bars and lates made according to theherein-describe process show no tendi oency to subsequent warping, as isthe case in a high degree with those rocesses where similar masses areroduce on cylindrical surfaces and have t on subsequently to be rolledor otherwise flattened. a

A further important advantage of stone Articles in l ample, by sawing,planing, drilling, stamp- 10 internal paneling's,

' the article to be produced, formed of wire and the articles formedtherefrom is that each 'mvided with stiffening-rings A and A surface issmooth and clean. -Moreover, the l en such a stiffener is required, Ifirst put material can be readily Wor'ke'L-as, for eX- into themold'only a portion of the pulp rel quired for the aritcle and subjectit to coming, or punch1ng-and takes a high polish in I par-atively sliht pressure, then place the any color. The material is also adapted forl stifiener (whic may be in one or more pieces) I use as a bad conductorof heat, a protection in" o'sition, add the remainder of the pulp,against moisture, vermin, rot, and fun us for an finally press theyvhole. The male part and being also abso utel of the mold is formed ofa smooth-faced metal incombustilfle there is no risk T'rorn fire. thlock M 'sha" ed *to correspond to the shape 'fo'rin's also a "goodinsulating material for of the moldflt e arrangement being such thatelectrical purposes. I I onpressing the pulpG'be'tween the two parts 5 5The accompanying drawin s'illu'strate one of'the m'old thesup'erfluousWater will be exr5 example of'the'produdtion of is'h'OfbaSiNacpresseduniformly inall directions from "the mass produced according to thisprocessor of cordingto'this invene 'n. I

Figure 1 is a vertical sectionof 'tihe'mold cdntaining the pulp in theunpre'ssed condition. Fig. 2 is a'similar view "showing the 20 'iholdafter the "application (if pressure'and ,With the pressed mass locatedbetween the I v ema le portion's of'th'e mold. Fig. 3 is-a half-plan'O'fthe mold.

Inthe (ex-mp1s thefe'inale ait'o'f the mold 25 'islorthed with'athickWall ,adaplted tore-- exist-considerable pressure and 'provi'dedwithrows-cf'holescircumferentiailly' arranged, each ho'le "cdnin urfi-catingwith a separate conduit er passage 0, formedin the wall-cf the mold,

3o whereb the-expelled water mayreadiIy-es- ,cape. -11theparticiilar'exain'ple cited'the're are provided two rows cf yej'g thdl'e's each The female part of the 'iholdfi's further *pro- 'yidedoyerthegreaterpart c'fits internal sur- 5 'facewithaninner'wire sieve S andanroute'r ate'issomewhat suit-a6 stifiener-A,nfmorrespondingshapet/othat'bf rholdanda homogeneousmass produced.

Having-now particularly described and asceltai'ned the nature of thesaid invention and in What manner the same is to be performed, Id-edlarewhat I claim is Apparatus'forthe'rhanufaeture of artificials't'cne{articles frenr liquid-cement mixtures, comprising a "rigid metal moldhaving drain- '-'passages' leading from the molding-face o'themdld'tothe'exterior'thereof, a compler'fl'entary form to-b'e pressedinto the same and'alin'er for said mold composed of superposed wire netsof diiierent-sized mesh, the n'e't lying next to the face of the mold,said nets mutually supporting each other and forming drainage-passagesbetween tfiie arti cle being molded and the face of'the meld whereby theli uid expressed will be drained to'andthroug the'perfo'rations.

in testimony, whereof I have signed my namet'o thisspecificationinthe'presence of twosiibscribing'witnesses.

'EMIL -HENR-Y RIETER-BODMER.

Witnesses:

A. *Iimmmmcm, Ema Brim.

